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南疆杏李园梨小食心虫成虫消长动态及迷向防治效果

引用本文：曹华毅,杨龙,潘云飞,王亚桥,冯宏祖,陆宴辉.南疆杏李园梨小食心虫成虫消长动态及迷向防治效果.植物保护学报,2024,51(1):170-177

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2024.2022116

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作者	单位	E-mail
曹华毅	塔里木大学农学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
杨龙	中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
潘云飞	中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
王亚桥	塔里木大学农学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193
冯宏祖	塔里木大学农学院, 新疆阿拉尔 843300	fhzzky@163.com
陆宴辉	中国农业科学院植物保护研究所, 植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室, 北京 100193 中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心, 新疆昌吉 831100	luyanhui@caas.cn

中文摘要:为明确南疆新兴特色水果杏李上梨小食心虫Grapholita molesta（Busck）的发生规律和迷向防治效果，于2021—2022年在新疆维吾尔自治区阿克苏地区杏李园采用性诱剂诱集法监测梨小食心虫种群动态，评估性信息素迷向丝对梨小食心虫的防治效果。结果表明，梨小食心虫在阿克苏杏李园1年发生4代，其中越冬代羽化高峰期在4月上中旬，第1代羽化高峰期在5月下旬至6月上旬，第2代羽化高峰期在7月上旬，第3代羽化高峰期在8月上中旬，存在世代重叠现象。2022年农户常规防治区内梨小食心虫的蛀果率为2.46%，性信息素迷向防治区内蛀果率为0.06%； 2021年和2022年使用性信息素迷向丝对梨小食心虫的蛀梢减退率为98.13%和88.65%，2022年的蛀果减退率为98.40%；对不同世代梨小食心虫的雄成虫迷向率在2021年为92.87%~100.00%，雌、雄成虫虫口减退率在2022年为58.75%~81.37%。表明采用梨小食心虫性信息素迷向丝为主的综合防控技术，可有效控制南疆杏李园梨小食心虫的发生与为害。

中文关键词:杏李梨小食心虫成虫防治性信息素防治成本

Adult population dynamic of the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta and the control efficacy of sex pheromone disorientation against it in a plumcot orchard in southern Xinjiang

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Cao Huayi	College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Yang Long	State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Pan Yunfei	State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Wang Yaqiao	College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Feng Hongzu	College of Agronomy, Tarim University, Alar 843300, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China	fhzzky@163.com
Lu Yanhui	State Key Laboratory of Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China	luyanhui@caas.cn

Abstract:To determine the occurrence pattern and control efficacy of sex pheromone emitter against the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Busck), the population dynamics of this pest using sex pheromone traps in plumcot orchards in Aksu during 2021 and 2022 were monitored, and the efficiency of the sex pheromone emitter in controlling oriental fruit moths in plumcot orchards were also evaluated. The results showed that the oriental fruit moth occurred four generations per year in Aksu. The emergence of the overwintering generation peaked in early to mid-April, followed by the first generation in late May to early June, the second generation in early July, and the third generation in early to mid-August. There was a significant overlapping among these generations. The rate of boring fruits caused by oriental fruit moths in conventional control orchards (2.46%) was significantly higher than in orchards using sex pheromone emitters (0.06%) in 2022. The reduction in boring treetops ranged from 88.65% to 98.13% in 2021—2022, while the reduction in boring fruits was 98.40% in 2022. The disorientation rates of sex pheromone emitter among different generations of oriental fruit moths ranged from 92.87% to 100.00% in male adults in 2021, the reduction rates of adult abundance ranged from 58.75% to 81.37% in 2022. These results indicated that using sex pheromone emitter is an effective strategy to suppress the density and damage caused by oriental fruit moths in plumcot orchards in southern Xinjiang.

keywords:Prunus simonii (Decne.) Carrière Grapholita molesta (Busck) pest management sex pheromone control cost

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