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小火蚁防控药剂筛选与应急防控技术示范

引用本文：毛孟飞,柯增源,胡纯兰,黄妙珠,宋士成,江秋莹,许益镌.小火蚁防控药剂筛选与应急防控技术示范.植物保护学报,2025,52(2):510-518

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2025.2024127

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作者	单位	E-mail
毛孟飞	华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心, 广州 510642
柯增源	华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心, 广州 510642
胡纯兰	汕头市潮南区农业农村局, 广东汕头 515144
黄妙珠	汕头市潮南区农业农村局, 广东汕头 515144
宋士成	华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心, 广州 510642
江秋莹	河源市森林病虫害防治服务中心, 广东河源 517000
许益镌	华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心, 广州 510642	xuyijuan@scau.edu.cn

中文摘要:为探寻我国新发的重要入侵物种小火蚁Wasmannia auropunctata的高效防治技术，于室内测定8种药剂对其的毒力，通过田间试验筛选验证7种饵剂的防治效果，并在汕头市潮南区开展所选饵剂对小火蚁的防控示范，评估其实际应用效果。结果显示：在8种常用药剂中，经胃毒法筛选发现噻虫嗪对小火蚁工蚁的毒力最高，LC₅₀为0.334 μg/mL，其次为呋虫胺、联苯菊酯和氟虫腈，三者对小火蚁工蚁的胃毒毒力水平相当；而经药膜法筛选发现高效氯氟氰菊酯在触杀小火蚁工蚁方面表现最优，LC₅₀为1.034 μg/L。田间药效试验进一步验证发现0.05%氟虫腈饵剂、2.15%吡虫啉饵剂及0.1%茚虫威饵剂在单次施药后防治效果均超过70.00%，显著降低了小火蚁的种群数量，并促进了本地蚂蚁种群种类与数量的恢复。选取2.5%吡虫啉饵剂和0.1%茚虫威饵剂在汕头市开展小火蚁疫情防控的技术示范，经过一次全面防控和多次重点防治，5个月后对小火蚁工蚁的防治效果分别达到了83.74%和87.05%。

中文关键词:金刻沃氏蚁毒力测定田间试验示范饵剂胃毒法药膜法

Insecticide screening and demonstration of emergency control technology for the little fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Mao Mengfei	Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China
Ke Zengyuan	Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China
Hu Chunlan	Chaonan District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Shantou 515144, Guangdong Province, China
Huang Miaozhu	Chaonan District Agriculture and Rural Bureau, Shantou 515144, Guangdong Province, China
Song Shicheng	Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China
Jiang Qiuying	Forest Pest Control Service Center of Heyuan City, Heyuan 517000, Guangdong Province, China
Xu Yijuan	Red Imported Fire Ant Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong Province, China	xuyijuan@scau.edu.cn

Abstract:To develop efficient control strategies for the newly invasive little fire ant Wasmannia auropunctata in China, seven bait formulations were screened through laboratory toxicity tests and validated field trials. A demonstration of emergency control was subsequently conducted in Chaonan District, Shantou City, to evaluate their practical effectiveness. Among eight commonly used insecticides tested via stomach toxicity tests, thiamethoxam exhibited the highest toxicity against workers via oral exposure (LC₅₀=0.334 μg/mL), followed by dinotefuran, bifenthrin, and fipronil. In contact toxicity assays (film method), lambda-cyhalothrin demonstrated the greatest efficacy with an LC₅₀ of 1.034 μg/L. Field trials further confirmed that single applications of 0.05% fipronil bait, 2.15% imidacloprid bait, and 0.1% indoxacarb bait each achieved over 70.00% control efficacy, significantly reducing W. auropunctata populations while promoting the recovery of native ant diversity and abundance. Emergency demonstrations using 2.5% imidacloprid and 0.1% indoxacarb baits in Shantou City yielded promising results: following one comprehensive treatment and several targeted applications, control efficacy against workers reached 83.74% and 87.05%, respectively, after five months.

keywords:Wasmannia auropunctata toxicity bioassay field trial demonstration bait formulation stomach toxicity method contact film method

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