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棘孢木霉菌与枯草芽胞杆菌共培养菌液对烟草黑胫病及根际微生态的影响

引用本文：李淑琪,张希芬,韩小斌,芶剑渝,田维强,赵栋霖,张成省.棘孢木霉菌与枯草芽胞杆菌共培养菌液对烟草黑胫病及根际微生态的影响.植物保护学报,2024,51(6):1359-1372

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2024.2024020

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作者	单位	E-mail
李淑琪	中国农业科学院烟草研究所, 国家农业环境微生物种质资源库(山东), 山东青岛 266101
张希芬	中国农业科学院烟草研究所, 国家农业环境微生物种质资源库(山东), 山东青岛 266101
韩小斌	贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 烟草行业微生物有机肥工程研究中心, 贵州遵义 563000
芶剑渝	贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 烟草行业微生物有机肥工程研究中心, 贵州遵义 563000	goujianyu33@126.com
田维强	贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司, 烟草行业微生物有机肥工程研究中心, 贵州遵义 563000
赵栋霖	中国农业科学院烟草研究所, 国家农业环境微生物种质资源库(山东), 山东青岛 266101
张成省	中国农业科学院烟草研究所, 国家农业环境微生物种质资源库(山东), 山东青岛 266101	zhangchengsheng@cas.cn

中文摘要:为评价棘孢木霉菌Trichoderma asperellum菌株HG1和枯草芽胞杆菌Bacillus subtilis菌株Tpb55共培养菌液对烟草黑胫病的防效，在盆栽试验条件下测定施用共培养菌液对烟草黑胫病发生、土壤病原菌数量、土壤理化性质以及烟草根际和根内微生物群落结构的影响。结果表明：菌株HG1和Tpb55共培养菌液对烟草黑胫病的防效达到77.92%，较菌株HG1和Tpb55单独发酵液及其两者体积比1∶1复配菌液处理的防效分别提高了25.48%、31.47%和19.29%。与清水对照相比，菌株HG1和Tpb55共培养菌液处理后烟草根际烟草疫霉菌Phytophthora nicotianae的DNA拷贝数下降了83.77%，降幅显著高于菌株HG1（62.57%）、Tpb55单独发酵液（60.55%）及两者体积比1∶1复配菌液处理（70.82%）的降幅。菌株HG1和Tpb55共培养菌液处理后烟草根际土壤pH较清水对照增加了0.11，土壤有机质、速效钾、铵态氮和有效磷含量分别较清水对照显著提高了14.92%、17.72%、52.64%和224.29%；烟草根际土壤和根内芽胞杆菌属Bacillus、伯克霍尔德氏菌属Burkholderia以及马赛菌属Massilia等有益菌富集，而劳尔氏菌属Ralstonia等病原菌的相对丰度降低了。表明菌株HG1与Tpb55共培养菌液在烟草黑胫病防治和根际微生态改善方面优于菌株单独发酵液及两者复配菌液，协同增效作用显著，具有开发为新型共培养生防菌剂的潜力。

中文关键词:棘孢木霉菌枯草芽胞杆菌烟草黑胫病共培养生物防治微生物

Biocontrol potential and rhizospheric microecological effects of co-cultivation of Trichoderma aspinosum and Bacillus subtilis against tobacco black shank

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Li Shuqi	National Agricultural Environmental Microbial Resource Center (Shandong), Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China
Zhang Xifen	National Agricultural Environmental Microbial Resource Center (Shandong), Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China
Han Xiaobin	Microbial Organic Fertilizer Engineering Research Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
Gou Jianyu	Microbial Organic Fertilizer Engineering Research Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China	goujianyu33@126.com
Tian Weiqiang	Microbial Organic Fertilizer Engineering Research Center of China Tobacco, Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
Zhao Donglin	National Agricultural Environmental Microbial Resource Center (Shandong), Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China
Zhang Chengsheng	National Agricultural Environmental Microbial Resource Center (Shandong), Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, China	zhangchengsheng@cas.cn

Abstract:To evaluate the biocontrol potential of the co-cultured Trichoderma asperellum strain HG1 and Bacillus subtilis strain Tpb55 against tobacco black shank, a pot experiment was conducted to assess the impact of applying the co-cultured broth on the occurrence of tobacco black shank, the DNA copies of Phytophthora nicotianae, soil physicochemical properties, and the microbial community structure of tobacco rhizosphere and roots. The results indicated that the co-cultured broth of strains HG1 and Tpb55 achieved a 77.92% efficacy in controlling tobacco black shank, which was 25.48%, 31.47% and 19.29% higher than that of the fermentation broths of strains HG1 and Tpb55 alone, and the mixed broth with a 1∶1 volume ratio, respectively. Compared with the control group treated with water, the DNA copy number of P. nicotianae in tobacco rhizosphere decreased by 83.77% after treatment with the co-cultured broth of strains HG1 and Tpb55, which was significantly higher than the decreases observed in the treatments with the fermentation broths of strains HG1 (62.57%), Tpb55 (60.55%), and the mixed broth (70.82%). After treatment with the co-cultured broth of strains HG1 and Tpb55, the pH of tobacco rhizosphere soil increased by 0.11 compared with the control group treated with water, and the soil organic matter, available potassium, ammonium nitrogen, and available phosphorus content signifi-cantly increased by 14.92%, 17.72%, 52.64%, and 224.29%, respectively. The co-cultured broth treatment enriched mostly beneficial bacteria such as Bacillus, Burkholderia, and Massilia in the rhizo-sphere soil and roots of tobacco, while reducing the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Ralstonia. The above results indicated that the co-cultured fermentation broth of strains HG1 and Tpb55 was superior to the fermentation broths of individual strain and their mixtures in terms of efficacy against tobacco black shank and improvement of rhizosphere microecology, demonstrating significant synergistic effects and the potential for development as a novel co-cultured biocontrol agent.

keywords:Trichoderma asperellum Bacillus subtilis tobacco black shank co-culture biocontrol microbe

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