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不同功能植物对棉花蚜虫及其捕食性天敌的影响

引用本文：彭雪凡,周晓通,维尼热·买合木提,上官一磊,戈峰,张建萍,蔡志平.不同功能植物对棉花蚜虫及其捕食性天敌的影响.植物保护学报,2024,51(1):39-49

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2024.2022103

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作者	单位	E-mail
彭雪凡	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000
周晓通	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000
维尼热·买合木提	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000
上官一磊	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000
戈峰	山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 济南 250100
张建萍	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000	zhjp_agr@shzu.edu.cn
蔡志平	石河子大学农学院, 新疆绿洲农业病虫害治理与植保资源利用重点实验室, 石河子 832000	caizp@shzu.edu.cn

中文摘要:为明确功能植物对棉花蚜虫及其捕食性天敌的调控作用，通过田间系统调查和室内选择行为反应试验测定4种功能植物对棉花蚜虫及其捕食性天敌种群动态的影响。结果显示，4种功能植物均可涵养多异瓢虫Hippodamia variegata、中华通草蛉Chrysoperla sinica和东亚小花蝽Orius sauteri等捕食性天敌，其中蛇床草Cnidium monnieri上的捕食性天敌总数最多，达821头。蛇床草种植区棉花上多异瓢虫和中华通草蛉的种群数量均显著高于对照区棉花，而棉蚜Aphis gossypii、棉长管蚜Acyrthosiphon gossypii和棉黑蚜Ap.craccivora的种群数量均显著低于对照区棉花；油菜Brassica napus种植区棉花上的中华通草蛉种群数量显著高于对照区棉花，棉长管蚜种群数量则显著低于对照区棉花；薄荷Mentha haplocalyx种植区棉花上的多异瓢虫和中华通草蛉种群数量均显著高于对照区棉花，棉蚜和棉长管蚜种群数量均显著低于对照区棉花；罗勒Ocimum basilicum种植区棉花上的棉长管蚜和棉黑蚜种群数量均显著低于对照区棉花。此外，棉蚜和棉长管蚜种群数量与捕食性天敌总数之间呈显著负相关；蛇床草和罗勒植株的挥发物显著吸引多异瓢虫和中华通草蛉，罗勒和薄荷植株的挥发物显著驱避有翅棉蚜。表明功能植物蛇床草、油菜、薄荷和罗勒可为棉田涵养捕食性天敌，而薄荷和罗勒还能驱避棉花蚜虫，可用于棉田害虫及天敌的生态调控。

中文关键词:功能植物棉花蚜虫捕食性天敌选择反应蛇床草油菜薄荷罗勒

Effects of different functional plants on cotton aphids and their predatory natural enemies

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Peng Xuefan	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Zhou Xiaotong	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Weinire Maihemuti	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Shangguan Yilei	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
Ge Feng	Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, Shandong Province, China
Zhang Jianping	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China	zhjp_agr@shzu.edu.cn
Cai Zhiping	Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China	caizp@shzu.edu.cn

Abstract:In order to determine the regulatory effect of four functional plants, i.e., Cnidium monnieri, Brassica napus, Mentha haplocalyx and Ocimum basilicum, on cotton aphids and their predators, the population dynamics of cotton aphids and their predators were determined by systematic field investigation and selective behavioral response trials in the laboratory. The results showed that the four functional plants could conserve predatory natural enemies such as Hippodamia variegata, Chrysoperla sinica and Orius sauteri, among which Cn. monnieri could attract the largest population of predatory natural enemies, reaching 821 individuals. The populations of H. variegata and Ch. sinica on cotton next to Cn. monnieri planting area were significantly higher than those in the control area, while the populations of Aphis gossypii, Acyrthosiphon gossypii and Ap. craccivora on cotton were significantly lower than those in the control area. The population size of Ch. sinica on cotton next to B. napus planting area was significantly higher than that in the control area, and that of Ac. gossypii on cotton was significantly lower than in the control area. The populations of H. variegata and Ch. sinica on cotton next to Mentha haplocalyx planting area were significantly higher than those in the control area, while the populations of Ap. gossypii and Ac. gossypii on cotton were significantly lower than those in the control area. The population sizes of Ac. gossypii and Ap. craccivora next to Ocimum basilicum planting area were significantly lower than those in the control area. The populations of Ap. gossypii and Ac. gossypii had a significant negative correlation with the total population of predatory natural enemies. The plant volatiles of Cn. monnieri and O. basilicum significantly attracted H. variegata and Ch. sinica. The plant volatiles of O. basilicum and M. haplocalyx tended to significantly expel the winged cotton aphids. The results indicated that the functional plants Cn. monnieri, B. napus, M. haplocalyx and O. basilicum could conserve the natural enemies in cotton fields, while M. haplocalyx and O. basilicum could also expel cotton aphids and be used for ecological regulation of cotton pests and natural enemies.

keywords:functional plant cotton aphid predatory natural enemy selective response Cnidium monnieri Brassica napus Mentha haplocalyx Ocimum basilicum

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