| 五种杀虫剂对苜蓿种子田中主要害虫和传粉昆虫的影响 |
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| 引用本文：杨轩宇,朱猛蒙,史娟,张蓉,赵紫华,张建新.五种杀虫剂对苜蓿种子田中主要害虫和传粉昆虫的影响.植物保护学报,2023,50(6):1641-1650 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2023.2023841 |
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| 中文摘要:为筛选高效、低毒的杀虫剂，测定1.5%除虫菊素、0.3%印楝素、4%阿维·啶虫脒、2.5%高效氯氟氰菊酯和70%吡虫啉5种杀虫剂对苜蓿种子田主要害虫牛角花齿蓟马Odontothrips loti和豌豆蚜Acyrthosiphon pisum的室内毒力和田间防效，并分析这5种药剂对主要传粉昆虫数量及多样性指数的影响。结果显示，0.3%印楝素对牛角花齿蓟马和豌豆蚜的毒力相对较高，LC50分别为1.093 mg/L和2.864 mg/L。70%吡虫啉以及4%阿维·啶虫脒对牛角花齿蓟马和豌豆蚜均有较高的防效，最高防效均达到85.00%以上，但这2种药剂对传粉昆虫威胁较大，而0.3%印楝素则对传粉昆虫威胁较小。推荐花期苜蓿种子田使用0.3%印楝素1 000倍稀释液防控害虫，而非开花期可交替使用70%吡虫啉1 000倍稀释液和4%阿维·啶虫脒1 000倍稀释液防控害虫。 |
| 中文关键词:杀虫剂 室内毒力 防效 豌豆蚜 牛角花齿蓟马 传粉昆虫 |
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| Effects of five insecticides on main pests and pollinators in alfalfa seed fields |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Yang Xuanyu | College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China | | | Zhu Mengmeng | Institute of Plant Protection, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China | mn1979108@163.com | | Shi Juan | College of Agronomy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China | shi_j@nxu.edu.cn | | Zhang Rong | Institute of Plant Protection, Ningxia Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yinchuan 750002, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China | | | Zhao Zihua | Department of Plant Biosafety, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China | | | Zhang Jianxin | Grassland Management Station of Pingluo County, Shizuishan 753400, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China | |
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| Abstract:To identify pesticides with higher effectiveness and lower toxicity, the indoor virulence and field efficacy of five pesticides 1.5% pyrethrin, 0.3% azadirachtin, 4% abamectin·acetamiprid, 2.5% cyhalothrin, and 70% imidacloprid were assessed on the major pests of alfalfa seed fields, specifically Odontothrips loti and pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. The effects of these five insecticides on the abundance and diversity indices of major pollinators were also analyzed. The results showed that the toxicity of 0.3% azadirachtin was relatively high for O. loti and A. pisum with LC50 values of 1.093 mg/L and 2.864 mg/L, respectively. Both 70% imidacloprid and 4% abamectin·acetamiprid showed high efficacy against both O. loti and A. pisum, with the highest efficacy exceeding 85.00%. However these two pesticides posed a greater threat to pollinators, while 0.3% azadirachtin was less threatening to them. It was recommended to use 0.3% azadirachtin (diluted 1 000 times) for pest control in alfalfa during the flowering stage.Meanwhile, 70% imidacloprid (diluted 1 000 times) and 4% abamectin·acetamiprid (diluted 1 000 times) can be used alternatively during the non-flowering stage for pest control. |
| keywords:insecticide indoor virulence efficacy Acyrthosiphon pisum Odontothrips loti pollinator |
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