| 土壤熏蒸剂棉隆防治土传病害研究进展及未来发展趋势 |
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| 引用本文：方文生,王秋霞,颜冬冬,李园,曹兵伟,徐进,靳茜,曹坳程.土壤熏蒸剂棉隆防治土传病害研究进展及未来发展趋势.植物保护学报,2023,50(1):40-49 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2023.2021089 |
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| 中文摘要:棉隆对病原细菌、真菌、根结线虫及杂草均有较高防效,而且作为固体微颗粒剂具有使用简单、安全的特性,被广泛用于作物种植前熏蒸土壤以防治土传病虫害。施用过程中,土壤环境因素(包括土壤类型、土壤温湿度、土壤有机质及pH等)、施药方式、施药季节和施药剂量均会对棉隆的熏蒸效果产生显著影响,不正确的使用方式常会导致熏蒸效果不理想或产生药害问题。该文系统综述土壤熏蒸剂棉隆的使用概况(包括作用机制、适用作物、施用方式和施用效果等)、存在的问题及原因分析(包括施用深度、水分、温度对棉隆有效成分含量的影响及其熏蒸对土壤微生物群落结构的影响等)、解决对策(包括改善施药方式、优化土壤环境和活化熏蒸后土壤微生物等)以及未来发展趋势,以期为棉隆的高效应用提供借鉴。 |
| 中文关键词:棉隆 异硫氰酸甲酯 土传病害 土壤熏蒸 土壤微生物 |
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| Research progresses and future development trends of soil fumigant dazomet in control of soil-borne diseases |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | FANG Wen-sheng | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | | | WANG Qiu-xia | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | | | YAN Dong-dong | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | | | LI Yuan | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | | | CAO Bing-wei | Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China | | | XU Jin | Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Beijing 100029, China | | | JIN Qian | Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Green Management of Soil-Borne Diseases, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China | | | CAO Ao-cheng | Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China | caoac@vip.sina.com |
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| Abstract:As a solid microgranule, dazomet is widely used to control soil-borne diseases and insect pests before crop planting because of its properties of simple and safe. However, soil environmental factors during application(including soil type, soil temperature and humidity, soil organic matter and pH,etc.), application method, and application season and application dose all have significant impacts on the efficacy of dazomet. Incorrect use methods often cause problems such as unsatisfactory fumigation effect or drug damage. In this paper, the general situation of the use of dazomet(including the mechanism of action, applicable crops, application methods, application effects, etc.), the existing problems and the causes(including the effects of application depth, water and temperature on the degradation of dazomet to the active components), as well as the solutions(including the improvement of application methods, optimization of soil environment, activation of fumigated soil microorganisms, etc.) and the future development prospects were summarized. This paper expect to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient application of dazomet. |
| keywords:dazomet methyl-isothiocyanate soil-borne disease soil fumigation soil microorganism |
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