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环境DNA技术在生物入侵研究中的应用进展

引用本文：杨力凤,杨楠,付海滨,褚栋.环境DNA技术在生物入侵研究中的应用进展.植物保护学报,2023,50(1):1-10

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2023.2022868

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作者	单位	E-mail
杨力凤	青岛农业大学植物医学学院, 山东省植物病虫害绿色防控工程研究中心, 青岛 266109
杨楠	青岛农业大学植物医学学院, 山东省植物病虫害绿色防控工程研究中心, 青岛 266109
付海滨	沈阳海关技术中心, 沈阳 110016
褚栋	青岛农业大学植物医学学院, 山东省植物病虫害绿色防控工程研究中心, 青岛 266109	chinachudong@qau.edu.cn

中文摘要:生物入侵事关国家粮食安全、生态安全和生物安全。快速发现外来物种并及时根除或阻截是降低损害的重要手段,而传统的鉴定方法往往无法满足对外来物种精准快速的检测需求。环境DNA(environmental DNA,eDNA)技术是一种新型检测技术,具有非侵入性和易于取样等特点,弥补了入侵生物传统鉴定技术在检测率低、耗时长以及破坏样本等方面的不足,为入侵生物防控提供了重要的技术支撑。该文综述了eDNA技术的特点及发展概况,从入侵物种的检测与监测、入侵途径、分布与危害程度以及与其他物种的相互关系等方面介绍了eDNA技术在生物入侵研究中的应用进展;同时,指出了eDNA技术存在的问题并展望了该技术的应用前景。

中文关键词:生物入侵环境DNA 检测鉴定早期监测入侵物种

Research advances in the application of environmental DNA（eDNA） technique in biological invasions

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
YANG Li-feng	Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
YANG Nan	Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China
FU Hai-bin	Technology Center of Shenyang Customs, Shenyang 110016, Liaoning Province, China
CHU Dong	Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, China	chinachudong@qau.edu.cn

Abstract:Biological invasion is closely associated with national food security, ecological security, and biological security. Rapid detection and eradication or interception of invasive alien species(IAS) is an effective means to reduce the damages. However, the traditional methods often fail to satisfy the requirement of rapid and accurate identification of IAS. As a newly emerged monitoring technique, environmental DNA(eDNA) can be used as an important method for the monitoring of IAS due to its non-invasiveness and easy of sampling, overcoming the deficiencies of traditional identification techniques such as low efficiency, time consumption, and sample destruction. This review summarized the characteristics and development history of eDNA technique, and introduced its application in the research on biological invasions including the detection and monitoring, judgment of the invasion routes, determination of the distribution and damage degree of IAS, and the interaction between IAS and other species. Meanwhile, the review pointed out the problems and perspectives of this technique in the future.

keywords:biological invasion environmental DNA detection and identification early monitoring invasive alien species

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