| 中国鼠害防控需求的差异、矛盾、挑战与对策 |
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| 引用本文：刘晓辉.中国鼠害防控需求的差异、矛盾、挑战与对策.植物保护学报,2022,49(1):407-414 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2022.2022836 |
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| 中文摘要:绝大多数啮齿动物种类为植食性的小型哺乳动物，其生物学特性导致了鼠类危害的复杂性。当前，面对日益提高的生态安全需求，粮食安全、人民健康和生物安全以及生态安全对鼠害控制需求的差异造成了中国鼠害防控策略制定及实施的困扰。尤其在草原地区，如何在应急性灭杀和长效缓控之间找到一个平衡点是目前鼠害防控面临的一个巨大挑战。针对这些矛盾和挑战，该文分析了我国鼠害监测防控的现状、主要瓶颈与短板，并从技术层面提出“精准监测指导精准防控”可能会是解决这些矛盾的有效途径，是在有效控制鼠害暴发对粮食生产和人民健康安全威胁的前提下，推进生态保护和修复的有效途径。 |
| 中文关键词:鼠害 监测预警 杀鼠剂 鼠害防控 |
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| Discrepancy, paradox, challenges, and strategies in face of national needs for rodent management in China |
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| Abstract:The biological characteristics that rodents mainly are small herbivorous mammals lead to the complexity of rodent damages. Facing the increasing national policy for ecological priority, the requirement discrepancy in national food security, public heathy, biosafety, and ecological safety leads to a paradox of how to obtain a balance between emergency killing and long-term control in the execution of rodent control programs, especially in the grassland regions. This paper reviewed the current progress, main bottlenecks, and limitations of rodent management in China, and technically proposed that "precise control guided by precise monitoring" is possibly a perspective coping strategy to fulfill the requirement of ecological safety under the premise of food security and public heathy security by effective control of rodent outbreaks. |
| keywords:rodent damages monitoring and early warning rodenticides rodent management |
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