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昆虫紫外视觉研究进展

引用本文：杨小凡,魏国树,马爱红,冉红凡,李建成,刘小侠.昆虫紫外视觉研究进展.植物保护学报,2022,49(1):131-145

DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2022.2022816

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作者	单位	E-mail
杨小凡	河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所, 河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心, 农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 保定 071000
魏国树	河北农业大学植物保护学院, 保定 071000
马爱红	河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所, 河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心, 农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 保定 071000
冉红凡	河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所, 河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心, 农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 保定 071000
李建成	河北省农林科学院植物保护研究所, 河北省农业有害生物综合防治工程技术研究中心, 农业农村部华北北部作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室, 保定 071000	lijiancheng08@163.com
刘小侠	中国农业大学植物保护学院昆虫学系, 北京 100193	liuxiaoxia611@cau.edu.cn

中文摘要:昆虫在长期进化过程中形成的颜色视觉能力，是其直接获取外界信息的最主要途径之一。其中，紫外视觉在昆虫颜色视觉系统中普遍存在，通过紫外光感受器可以感知并辨别周围环境中光源或物体反射的特定波长紫外光，提高颜色辨别能力。自19世纪80年代证实昆虫具有紫外敏感性以来，陆续发现蜜蜂、蝴蝶、果蝇和蛾类等许多昆虫具有良好的紫外视觉能力，利用颜色、对比度和偏振光等紫外光特性调控昆虫的定向导航、觅食、种内通讯和昼夜节律等行为活动，对于其生存、繁殖和生态适应具有重要意义。此外，紫外敏感视蛋白是昆虫紫外视觉形成过程中的一类重要分子，不仅可以独立介导趋光性等特定波长行为，还可纳入整个颜色视觉系统，与其他视蛋白协同调控昆虫的颜色视觉，从而将紫外光当作一种基本颜色进行辨别。该文系统综述了昆虫紫外视觉的发现、特性、功能和感知机制，鉴于当前国内在相关领域研究的薄弱和局限性，建议今后可在解析植物-害虫-天敌生态系统中的紫外光特性、探究紫外光-B紫外视觉的生态学意义、揭示紫外敏感视蛋白基因的分子进化机制以及阐明昆虫避免或修复紫外光所致视网膜损伤相关适应机制方面进行深入研究。

中文关键词:紫外视觉紫外敏感性颜色视觉功能分析视蛋白

Research advances in ultraviolet vision in insects

Author Name	Affiliation	E-mail
Yang Xiaofan	Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
Wei Guoshu	College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
Ma Aihong	Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
Ran Hongfan	Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
Li Jiancheng	Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China	lijiancheng08@163.com
Liu Xiaoxia	Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China	liuxiaoxia611@cau.edu.cn

Abstract:Color vision, formed in the long-term evolutionary process, is one of the main ways for insects to get information from ambient environment. Ultraviolet(UV) vision is widespread among insect color vision system and can improve color discrimination by detecting and recognizing the specific UV reflected by light source or objects through UV photoreceptors. Since the UV photosensitivity in insects was confirmed in the 1880s, it has been successively found that many insects such as bees, butterflies, fruit flies and moths had evolved a remarkable capacity of ultraviolet vision, and mediate their navigation, foraging, intraspectic communication and circadian rhythm using UV characteristics such as color, contrast and polarized light. UV vision is essential for the survival, reproduction and ecological adaptation of some insects. In addition, ultraviolet rhodopsin(UVRh) is an important molecule in insect UV vision. It can not only independently mediate wavelength-specific behavior such as phototaxis, but also be incorporated into the general sense of vision and coregulation with other opsins to control color vision to recognize UV as a basic color. In this article, the discovery, characteristics, functions and perception mechanism of insect UV vision were reviewed. In view of the weakness and limitations in this research area in China, further research should be carried out to investigate the UV characteristics in the plant-pest-natural enemy ecosystem, to explore the ecological significance of UV-B vision, to reveal the molecular evolution mechanism of UVRh gene and to elucidate the adaptive mechanisms of insects in avoiding or repairing retinal damage caused by UV.

keywords:ultraviolet vision ultraviolet photosensitivity color vision functional analysis opsin

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