| 非寄主和寄主种子分泌物对大豆疫霉活性的影响 |
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| 引用本文：宋光梅,徐莹,张卓群,陈宇飞,贾梦瑱,文景芝.非寄主和寄主种子分泌物对大豆疫霉活性的影响.植物保护学报,2019,46(4):730-737 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2019.2018100 |
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| 中文摘要:为探寻非寄主和寄主种子分泌物中抗病信号分子，通过显微观察，采用菌丝生长速率法和离体接种法对不同种子分泌物处理后大豆疫霉Phytophthora sojae的游动孢子数、孢子囊数、游动孢子释放后残留的空囊数、成囊和未成囊的游动孢子数、萌发和未萌发的胞囊数、菌落直径、卵孢子数进行测量，并计算抑制率，明确非寄主菜豆和寄主大豆抗病品种、感病品种种子分泌物对大豆疫霉游动孢子趋化性、生长发育和侵袭力的影响。结果显示，非寄主菜豆种子分泌物不吸引大豆疫霉游动孢子，显著抑制大豆疫霉孢子囊形成、胞囊萌发和卵孢子产生，抑制率依次为97.3%、73.0%和17.5%，然后溶解胞囊，最终导致游动孢子对下胚轴侵袭力降低，抑制率为67.1%。寄主大豆种子分泌物能吸引大豆疫霉游动孢子，感病品种种子分泌物吸引力高于抗病品种。感病品种种子分泌物对大豆疫霉生长发育无显著影响，但促进大豆疫霉游动孢子侵袭力；抗病品种种子分泌物显著抑制大豆疫霉孢子囊形成、胞囊萌发和卵孢子产生，抑制率依次为86.6%、34.3%和12.8%，然后溶解胞囊，但作用强度小于非寄主菜豆种子分泌物，最终导致游动孢子对下胚轴的侵袭力降低，抑制率为24.2%。表明非寄主菜豆和寄主大豆抗病品种的种子分泌物对大豆疫霉有抑菌活性，大豆疫霉的非寄主和寄主抗病性与种子分泌物有关。 |
| 中文关键词:种子分泌物 非寄主抗性 寄主抗性 大豆疫霉 游动孢子趋化性 生长发育 侵袭力 |
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| Effects of non-host and host seed exudates on the activity of oomycete pathogen Phytophthora sojae |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Song Guangmei | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Xu Ying | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Zhang Zhuoqun | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Chen Yufei | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Jia Mengzhen | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | | | Wen Jingzhi | College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang Province, China | jzhwen2000@163.com |
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| Abstract:In order to explore disease resistance molecules in the seed exudates of non-hosts and hosts, the number of zoospores, total sporangia, the number of empty sporangia remaining after the release of zoospores, the number of zoospores of encystment and non-encystment, the number of germinated and ungerminated cysts, colony diameter, the number of oozpores of Phytophthora sojae treated with different seed exudates were observed by using microscopic observation, hyphal growth rate and in vitro inoculation methods and the index of inhibition rate was also calculated to determine the effects of seed exudates of the resistant and susceptible cultivars of the non-host common bean and host soybean on the chemotaxis of zoospores, the growth and development and invasiveness of P. sojae. The results showed that the seed exudates of non-host common bean did not attract zoospores of P. sojae, but inhibited the formation of sporangia, cyst germination and oospores production of P. sojae with an inhibition rate of 97.3%, 73.0% and 17.5%, respectively, and lysed cysts, which led to the decrease in the invasiveness of P. sojae to hypocotyls by 67.1%. The seed exudates of host soybean could attract zoospores of P. sojae, and the attraction of the seed exudates of susceptible cultivars was significantly stronger than that of the resistant ones. The seed exudates of susceptible cultivars had no significant effect on the growth and development of P. sojae, but it promoted the invasiveness of zoospores; the seed exudates of resistant cultivars significantly inhibited the formation of sporangia, cyst germination and oospore production of P. sojae, with an inhibition rate of 86.6%, 34.3% and 12.8%, respectively, and lysed cysts, but the intensities were less than those of non-host common bean, which ultimately led to a decrease in the invasiveness of P. sojae to hypocotyls by 24.2%. It indicated that the seed exudates of the resistant cultivars of non-host common bean and host soybean had an antibacterial activity against P. sojae, and the host and non-host resistance to P. sojae were closely related to seed exudates. |
| keywords:seed exudates non-host resistance host resistance Phytophthora sojae zoospores chemotaxis growth and development invasiveness |
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