| 浙江省水稻田杂草群落调查 |
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| 引用本文：庄家文,张峥,强胜.浙江省水稻田杂草群落调查.植物保护学报,2019,46(2):479-488 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2019.2018098 |
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| 中文摘要:为明确浙江省水稻田主要杂草的危害现状，采用七级目测法对浙江省主要水稻种植区杂草种类及群落特征进行调查，并运用Canoco软件对调查样点内杂草危害值和气候因子数据进行典范对应分析（canonical correspondence analysis，CCA）。调查结果表明，田间共发现杂草61种（含变种），分属22科，其中千金子Leptochloa chinensis、丁香蓼Ludwigia prostrata、稗Echinochloa crusgalli为浙江全省单季稻田内分布最广，危害最严重的优势杂草。根据典范对应分析结果，可将44个样点稻田杂草群落分为以下两类，第1类为浙西北地区稗+小旱稗E.crusgalli var.austrojaponensis+千金子+杂草稻Oryza sativa f.spontanea+水苋菜Ammannia baccifera杂草群落，稗、小旱稗、千金子、杂草稻在此群落内的综合危害指数均在8.88%以上，为此区域优势种；第2类为浙东南地区千金子+丁香蓼+通泉草Mazus fauriei+空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides+稗杂草群落，千金子、丁香蓼、通泉草在此群落内综合危害指数均在7.66%以上，为此区域优势种。总体上，浙西北地区稻田受杂草危害较浙东南地区严重。表明浙江省稻田杂草群落与20世纪末相比发生了演替，主要危害杂草种类趋于同质化，且危害值降低，此外杂草稻等新问题日益突出，急需寻求相应的控草措施。 |
| 中文关键词:水稻田 杂草群落 典范对应分析 调查 |
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| Weed communities in rice fields in Zhejiang Province |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Zhuang Jiawen | Laboratory of Weed Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China | | | Zhang Zheng | Laboratory of Weed Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China | | | Qiang Sheng | Laboratory of Weed Research, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China | wrl@njau.edu.cn |
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| Abstract:In order to clarify current infestation status of major weeds in rice fields of Zhejiang Province, the weed species and community characteristics were investigated with the seven scales with visualization of weed dominance to rice. The overall weed infestation index (OWⅡ) and environmental factors were analyzed through canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) to reveal weed distribution. The results showed that the weeds belonged to 22 families and 62 species (including varieties). Among them, Leptochloa chinensis, Ludwigia prostrata, and Echinochloa crusgalli were the most harmful and widespread weeds through the province. The weed communities of 44 sample plots could be divided into the following two types. First was the weed community of northwestern Zhejiang area, where E. crusgalli, E. crusgalli var. austrojaponensis, L. chinensis, and Oryza sativa f. spontanea were dominant species. The infestation indices of E. crusgalli, E. crusgalli var. austrojaponensis and L. chinensis all had OWⅡ values higher than 8.88%. Second was the weed community of southeastern Zhejiang area, where L. chinensis, L. prostrata, Alternanthera sessilis, E. crusgalli, and Mazus fauriei were dominant species. The infestation indices of L. chinensis, L. prostrata and M. fauriei all had OWⅡ values higher than 7.66%. On the whole, the OWⅡ values of northwestern area were much higher than those of the southeastern area in Zhejiang Province. The results indicated that the weed communities of different areas had become homogeneous and the weeds induced less damage in succession process since the end of 20th century. The problems of weedy rice and other new weeds became increasingly prominent, and the corresponding weed control measures were in urgent need. |
| keywords:rice field weed community canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) survey |
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