| 天山野果林塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌的鉴定 |
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| 引用本文：刘瑜,魏彩霞,周世兴,汤界世,韩彩霞,邵华.天山野果林塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌的鉴定.植物保护学报,2019,46(2):345-351 |
| DOI：10.13802/j.cnki.zwbhxb.2019.2017232 |
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| 中文摘要:为了解新疆天山野果林中塞威士苹果Malus sieversii与其林下伴生植物短距凤仙花Impatiens brachycentra两种植物叶斑病病原菌的多样性及同源性，采用组织分离法获得病原菌，基于rDNA-ITS序列构建系统发育树，并进行ITS序列BLAST同源性比对，对病原菌进行鉴定分类，并依据科赫氏法则测定致病性。结果显示，从新疆新源县天山野果林中的塞威士苹果及短距凤仙花病叶上共分离得到18株菌落形态各异的病原菌，分属于2属4种，绝大多数属于半知菌亚门。其中，链格孢属Alternaria sp.为塞威士苹果和短距凤仙花叶斑病病原真菌中的优势菌群。致病性测定结果显示，其中11株病原真菌对塞威士苹果具有致病性，7株病原真菌对短距凤仙花具有致病性；塞威士苹果所有的病原真菌对短距凤仙花均有致病性，而且短距凤仙花所有的病原真菌对塞威士苹果也有致病性。推测2种植物叶斑病可能由相同来源的病原真菌引发，短距凤仙花染病加剧了塞威士苹果叶斑病暴发，可能是野果林退化的重要原因。 |
| 中文关键词:天山野果林 塞威士苹果 短距凤仙花 病原菌 |
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| Identification of pathogenic fungi causing leaf spot of Malus sieversii and Impatiens brachycentra growing in the wild fruit forest of Tianshan Mountain |
| Author Name | Affiliation | E-mail | | Liu Yu | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | | | Wei Caixia | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | | | Zhou Shixing | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | | | Tang Jieshi | College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | | | Han Caixia | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | | | Shao Hua | Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresources in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China | shaohua@ms.xjb.ac.cn |
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| Abstract:To evaluate the diversity and homology of pathogens causing leaf spot of Malus sieversii and Impatiens brachycentra growing in the wild fruit forest in Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, the pathogenic fungi responsible for the leaf spot disease of both plants were isolated and purified using tissue isolation method, and were identified based on the construction of phylogenetic tree and homology alignment of ITS sequences using BLAST, followed by inoculation on healthy leaves to testify their pathogenicity according to Koch's postulates. The results showed that a total of 18 strains of pathogenic fungi with different colony morphology characteristics were identified from M. sieversii and I. brachycentra growing in the wild fruit forest in Tianshan Mountain, which were categorized into two genera and four species, with the majority belonging to Deuteromycotina. Among them, Alternaria sp. was more abundant than Mucor sp. The 11 strains of the identified fungi were pathogenic to M. sieversii, whereas seven were pathogenic to I. brachycentra; all pathogens of M. sieversii were pathogenic to I. brachycentra and vice versa. The results indicated that I. brachycentra could harbor a large amount of pathogenic fungi that could attack M. sieversii, which subsequently could trigger more severe consequences on M. sieversii. |
| keywords:wild fruit forest in Tianshan Mountain Malus sieversii Impatiens brachycentra pathogenic fungi |
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